Fundoplication ( anti – reflux surgery )

Fundoplication surgery is a treatment which is for a acid reflux or gastroesophageal disease (GERD) , is a problem in which food or stomach acid come back up from your stomach into the esophagus.The esophagus is the tube from your mouth to the stomach. The situation of stomach and food acids coming back to esophagus causing heartburn is called gastroesophageal disease (GERD). The esophagus reaches belly from throat by passing through an opening in the diaphragm which separates chest and belly. Reflux occurs if the muscles where the esophagus meets the stomach do not close tightly. A hiatal hernia can make GERD symptoms worse. It occurs when the stomach bulges through this opening into your chest.

In some peoples the hole through which esophagus passes is large and this cause some belly parts to protrude to the chest region through this large hole. This is known as  hiatal hernia. This method is used to remove hiatal hernia is known as fundoplication.

The main process of fundoplication is detailed below :

1. The upper portion of the stomach is stitched to the end of the esophagus which exerts pressure on esophagus preventing the flowing back of food through esophagus.
2. If intestine or other parts have come above through the hole in the diaphragm through which esophagus passes , those parts are pressed into its previous place.
3. The surgeon places a synthetic mesh along this area to make sure that the repositioned parts of the body does not come back again through this role.

This method can be done through laparoscopic surgery or open surgery. In open surgery process an incision about 8 inch will be made in the abdomen and surgery as detailed above is completed. Laparoscopic fundoplication in this type of surgery , 3 or 4 small holes are cut on the body parts. Through one of these holes , laparoscope in which a camera with a light source are connected to one end of the tube. This particular light and camera will inserted to the place where the operation has to be done. The surgery instruments are inserted through the other holes. The surgeons watching the operation procedure by looking at the monitor near him through which the video of the surgery area are shown. The most important benefit of laparoscopic surgery is that this is a one day process and can be done very easily and does not take much time also.

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